Frequently Asked Questions

Wireless static charging is designed to enable opportunity charging during routine port operations. Vehicles top up automatically while loading, unloading, or queuing, eliminating the need to stop at dedicated plug-in stations. 

Key benefits include:

• Reduced operational downtime: Charging occurs in the background without disrupting workflows.
• Faster vehicle turnaround: Vehicles remain available for cargo movement instead of waiting to recharge.
• Improved loading dock efficiency: Energy transfers automatically through embedded wireless charging infrastructure.
• Smaller battery requirements: Frequent charging opportunities help maintain State of Charge (SoC) and reduce reliance on oversized battery packs.

Consequently, ports can support continuous 24/7 operations while increasing fleet availability and asset utilization.

Yes. A single shared wireless charging infrastructure is designed to support multiple port vehicle types — including yard tractors and drayage trucks — using the same embedded underground coils. Modular receiver configurations scale with vehicle size and power demand, so heavy-duty trucks can carry multiple receivers while smaller vehicles require fewer, all drawing from the same ground infrastructure.

Key benefits include:

• Shared charging platform: Multiple vehicle types can share the same embedded charging infrastructure, reducing installation costs and space requirements.
• Scalable power delivery: Receiver configurations can be adapted to support different vehicle classes and operational requirements.
• Flexible vehicle integration: Both heavy-duty and light-duty vehicles can be supported by the same charging network.
• Simplified fleet electrification: Ports can support mixed fleets without deploying separate charging systems for different vehicle classes.

As a result, ports can electrify diverse vehicle fleets with a single, scalable charging infrastructure.

High-power wireless energy transfer in port environments is designed to meet strict safety requirements. Electreon’s system uses passive underground coils, which are designed to eliminate exposed cables, plugs, and live electrical connections that can be damaged by heavy port equipment.

Key safety features include:

• Cable-free infrastructure: Vehicles are designed to charge automatically without manual handling of charging equipment.
• IP68-rated underground coils: Charging components are protected against water, dust, and harsh port conditions.
• Protected energy transfer: Critical charging infrastructure is embedded beneath the road surface, reducing the risk of mechanical damage.
• Low electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions: The system operates well below ICNIRP-2010 exposure limits for public and occupational safety.

As a result, ports can deploy high-power charging infrastructure while maintaining safe, reliable operations in demanding industrial environments.

Electreon’s intelligent management software is designed to optimize energy flow across ports through smart load-balancing, power prioritization, and energy management capabilities. The cloud-based platform is designed to support real-time monitoring and control of wireless charging operations, while its roadmap includes additional capabilities intended to help operators reduce grid strain and keep critical vehicles operational.

Key capabilities include:

• Smart load-balancing: Charging power is designed to be distributed across connected vehicles based on real-time operational needs.
• Peak demand shaving: The platform is designed to support opportunity charging strategies that distribute energy consumption throughout the day, rather than concentrating demand during overnight charging periods .
• Power prioritization: Mission-critical logistics vehicles can be prioritized as part of the platform roadmap, to support uninterrupted port operations.
• Improved grid efficiency: Future platform capabilities are designed to provide operators with greater control over charging schedules, power allocation, and fleet energy usage.

As a result, ports can progressively enhance energy management and support fleet electrification while reducing peak demand and maintaining operational continuity.

Yes. Wireless charging infrastructure is designed to withstand harsh maritime environments, including salt spray, heavy rain, and flooding. It features in-road coils embedded beneath the asphalt or concrete surface where they are naturally protected from weather exposure and physical impacts.

Key durability features include:

• IP68-rated infrastructure: Coils are sealed against water and dust ingress, even in demanding port conditions.
• Weather-immune design: Underground installation is designed to protect the system from salt corrosion, extreme temperatures, and flooding.
• No moving parts: The charging coils contain no mechanical components that can wear out or fail.
• No active electronics in the road: Passive underground coils are designed to enhance system reliability and reduce maintenance requirements.

As a result, ports can deploy wireless charging infrastructure that operates reliably in challenging maritime environments year-round.

Wireless power transfer improves Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) by reducing both vehicle costs and fleet size requirements. Because vehicles can receive frequent opportunity charging throughout the day, operators can significantly reduce battery capacity—by up to 50%* for heavy-duty trucks—saving tens of thousands of dollars in battery-related capital expenditure (CAPEX) per vehicle.

Key cost benefits include:

• Battery size reduction: Opportunity charging can enable smaller batteries, lowering vehicle purchase costs and reducing vehicle weight.
• Lower CAPEX: Reduced battery requirements can deliver substantial upfront savings across large fleets.
• Reduced charger-to-vehicle ratio: Opportunity charging enables multiple vehicles to share charging infrastructure throughout the day, reducing the number of chargers required across the fleet.
• Vehicle replacement parity: Vehicles can remain productive throughout their shifts, eliminating the need to purchase additional EVs to compensate for charging downtime.
• Higher asset utilization: More time in operation translates into greater fleet productivity.

As a result, ports and logistics operators can accelerate electrification while lowering fleet ownership costs and maximizing return on investment.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Wireless charging infrastructure is designed to support autonomous fleet operations by providing hands-free charging, a critical requirement for true autonomy. Because charging occurs automatically, autonomous vehicles (AVs) can recharge without any human-in-the-loop intervention to connect or disconnect charging cables.

Key benefits include:

• Hands-free charging: Vehicles are designed to charge automatically when positioned above embedded charging infrastructure.
• No human-in-the-loop: Autonomous operations are not dependent on drivers or ground personnel to manage charging sessions.
• Continuous fleet availability: AVs can receive opportunity charging during routine stops, reducing operational interruptions.
• Simplified autonomous workflows: Charging is integrated into normal vehicle movements rather than requiring dedicated charging procedures.

As a result, autonomous port and logistics fleets can operate and recharge independently, enabling higher levels of automation, efficiency, and fleet utilization.

Autonomous vehicles are designed to align with underground charging coils using the Differential Inductive Positioning System (DIPS), which was adopted by SAE in 2024 as part of the SAE J2954 wireless charging standard. DIPS uses magnetic field signals from the charging infrastructure to guide vehicles to the optimal charging position without driver intervention.

Key capabilities include:

• Standardized positioning technology: DIPS provides a globally recognized method for wireless charging alignment.
• Precise autonomous guidance: Magnetic field data is designed to enable accurate vehicle positioning over the charging coils.
• High misalignment tolerance: The system supports up to 20 cm lateral and 50 cm longitudinal misalignment, simplifying AV navigation and control.
• Reliable charging performance: Vehicles can maintain efficient power transfer even when not perfectly centered.

As a result, autonomous fleets can align, charge, and operate with minimal complexity, supporting reliable hands-free charging workflows.

Yes. Electreon’s automated charging process is designed with multiple layers of security and is supported by ISO/SAE 21434 certification, the automotive industry standard for cybersecurity engineering. To the best of Electreon’s knowledge, it is the first wireless charging provider globally to achieve this certification.

Key security features include:

• Vehicle authentication: Energy transfer is designed to begin only after the vehicle and charging infrastructure authenticate each other.
• RF handshake protocol: A rapid, proprietary radio frequency (RF) handshake is designed to verify the authorized vehicle in milliseconds.
• Secure charging activation: Power is transferred only to authenticated receivers, preventing unauthorized charging events.
• Automotive-grade cybersecurity: The system is developed and managed in accordance with ISO/SAE 21434 requirements.

As a result, autonomous vehicles can charge securely and automatically without human intervention, supporting safe and reliable fleet operations.

Electreon’s charging management software is designed to prioritize vehicles based on real-time operational requirements through dynamic power allocation. The cloud-based platform is designed to support OCPP compliance and open API integration, enabling direct connectivity with fleet management systems and autonomous dispatch software.

Key capabilities include:

• Dynamic power allocation: Charging power is designed to be distributed based on operational priorities and available energy.
• State of Charge (SoC) optimization: Vehicles with lower battery levels can be prioritized to maintain fleet readiness.
• Operational priority management: Mission-critical vehicles can receive charging preference to support uninterrupted logistics operations.
• Seamless API integration: Open APIs enable real-time coordination between charging infrastructure, fleet management platforms, and autonomous vehicle systems.

As a result, ports can optimize energy use while ensuring the right vehicles are charged at the right time.

Implementing autonomous fleet charging requires minimal infrastructure modifications. Electreon’s wireless charging system uses shallow trenching, to install passive underground coils beneath existing roadways. Roadside Management Units are then connected to manage energy transfer and system communications.

Key infrastructure benefits include:

• Shallow trenching: Installation minimizes disruption to ongoing port and logistics operations.
• Invisible infrastructure: Charging components are embedded below the road surface, preserving existing traffic flows and depot layouts.
• Preserved real estate: Unlike plug-in charging stations that require a charger at each parking space, wireless charging is designed to enable higher parking density and more efficient use of depot space.
• Scalable deployment: Additional charging segments can be integrated as autonomous fleet operations expand.

As a result, operators can support autonomous charging while maximizing valuable depot space and minimizing civil works.

Yes. Electreon has demonstrated wireless charging for autonomous vehicles through its partnership with ATLoS, a Portugal-based manufacturer of industrial AVs and a business unit of the ProCME Group. This first-of-its-kind deployment integrates wireless charging into autonomous logistics operations, designed to enable true set-and-forget automation without manual charging intervention.

Key highlights include:

• ATLoS partnership: Wireless charging integrated into autonomous industrial vehicles operating on fixed logistics routes.
• Real-world deployment: The project is deployed at a leading global production facility in Portugal.
• Charging during operations: By embedding Electreon’s wireless charging infrastructure along the route, vehicles are designed to charge automatically at loading docks and other operational touchpoints.
• Hands-free charging: Vehicles are designed to charge without drivers, operators, plugs, or cables.
• Continuous operation: Seamless energy top-ups are designed to help keep AVs powered throughout the day, helping eliminate charging-related downtime.

This project demonstrates how wireless charging can serve as the enabling charging layer for fully autonomous logistics operations, allowing vehicles to complete routes and recharge without human involvement. It also opens the door to autonomous mobility applications across factories, airports, ports, food and pharmaceutical facilities, and other industrial environments.

BRT systems benefit from combining dynamic and static wireless charging because buses receive continuous energy top-ups throughout their routes. Static charging at passenger stops and terminals is complemented by dynamic charging along dedicated BRT lanes, helping reduce reliance on large batteries and reducing the need for midday depot breaks.

Key benefits include:

• Continuous service: Buses can charge during normal operations without leaving service for scheduled recharging.
• Battery size reduction: Frequent charging opportunities can significantly reduce onboard battery capacity requirements.
• Higher fleet availability: Eliminating midday charging interruptions can increase operational uptime by up to 3x compared to conventional charging schedules.
• Improved route efficiency: Energy is delivered where buses operate, rather than requiring detours to charging depots.
• Distributed charging network: Energy is delivered across the route rather than from a few centralized charging locations, improving network resilience and flexibility.

As a result, transit agencies can support continuous service through a more resilient and scalable charging network while reducing battery requirements and maximizing fleet availability.

Electrifying public bus fleets with wireless charging can significantly reduce environmental impact by enabling battery size reduction and supporting renewable integration. Because buses receive frequent charging throughout their routes, they can operate with much smaller batteries, reducing the carbon emissions associated with battery production. Smaller batteries also improve vehicle energy efficiency by reducing vehicle weight and energy consumption.

Key environmental benefits include:

• Lower battery manufacturing footprint: Smaller batteries require fewer raw materials and generate fewer manufacturing-related CO₂ emissions.
• Reduced road wear: Lighter buses place less stress on road surfaces, helping extend infrastructure life and reduce maintenance needs.
• Renewable integration: Wireless charging infrastructure is designed to be compatible with solar generation and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) to support low-carbon or off-grid energy supply.
• Improved resource efficiency: Frequent opportunity charging reduces dependence on oversized battery packs, while improving vehicle energy efficiency.
• Flatter energy demand profile: Opportunity charging distributes energy consumption more evenly throughout the day, helping reduce peak electricity demand.
• Reduced grid connection requirements: By delivering energy along the route, wireless charging can help reduce the grid connection size required at strategic locations such as depots and terminals.

As a result, cities can lower transportation emissions while creating more sustainable and resilient public transit networks.

The Electreon Ultra DOT solution (originally developed by INDUCTEV, now part of Electreon) provides ultra-fast stationary charging for high-powered bus opportunity charging. It is designed to deliver automatic, cable-free charging at bus stops, terminals, and transit hubs to maximize vehicle availability.

Key capabilities include:

• Up to 300 kW* opportunity charging: A single charging location can deliver up to 300 kW* of continuous power using up to four static charging pads.
• High-powered top-up charging: Buses can receive energy during scheduled passenger stops rather than dedicated charging sessions.
• Optimized turnaround times: Automatic charging is designed to eliminate manual plug-in procedures and charging delays.
• Rapid range replenishment: A city bus can gain up to 55 km of range in just 15 minutes*.

As a result, transit agencies can support continuous service while reducing charging-related downtime.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Electreon’s wireless charging solution is designed to scale across large, city-wide bus networks without requiring a 1:1 charger ratio between buses and charging stations. Because a single Management Unit (MU) is designed to power multiple charging spots, transit agencies can support growing fleets while minimizing infrastructure footprint and electrical equipment requirements.

Key scalability benefits include:

• Real-estate optimization: Charging infrastructure is embedded in existing roadways, eliminating the need for large charging depots.
• Reduced charger requirements: Multiple buses can share charging infrastructure throughout the network rather than relying on dedicated chargers.
• Flexible network expansion: Additional charging locations can be added as routes and fleet sizes grow.
• Proven commercial deployment: The Electra Afikim project in Israel supports dozens of electric buses and has demonstrated approximately 99%* system uptime.

As a result, cities can electrify large bus fleets with a scalable, space-efficient charging network.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Opportunity charging can help extend electric bus battery life by keeping the battery within a healthier State of Charge (SoC) range throughout the day. Instead of relying on infrequent, high-power charging sessions, buses receive frequent energy top-ups during normal operations, helping maintain battery levels within the optimal 20%–80%* SoC window.

Key benefits include:

• Reduced battery degradation: Frequent, smaller charging events place less stress on battery cells than deep discharge cycles.
• Optimized State of Charge (SoC): Maintaining a more consistent charge level can support long-term battery health.
• Lower thermal stress: Opportunity charging can reduce the extreme heat associated with ultra-fast charging methods.
• Fewer thermal events: Lower charging and discharging stress helps minimize battery wear over time.
• Extended battery lifespan: Healthier operating conditions can improve battery durability and reduce replacement frequency.

As a result, bus operators can lower battery lifecycle costs while improving fleet reliability and performance.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Electreon’s wireless charging infrastructure is designed to integrate seamlessly into existing public transportation layouts because the charging components are installed beneath the road surface. This invisible infrastructure enables transit agencies to electrify bus routes without altering the appearance or functionality of existing bus bays, stations, or transit centers.

Key benefits include:

• Invisible infrastructure: Charging coils are embedded beneath asphalt or concrete, remaining completely out of sight.
• No visual clutter: The system eliminates the need for bulky charging equipment, exposed cables, and above-ground charging stations.
• No overhead catenary wires: Wireless charging preserves streetscapes and station environments without overhead electrical infrastructure.
• Seamless integration: Charging can be incorporated into existing bus bays, passenger stops, terminals, and transit centers.
• Preserved operational space: Vehicles charge where they already stop, without creating new spatial obstructions.

As a result, transit agencies can deploy fleet electrification infrastructure while maintaining the aesthetics, functionality, and accessibility of existing transportation networks.

Electreon’s wireless charging hardware consists of three core components: the Management Unit (MU), the Ground Assembly, and the Vehicle Assembly. Together, these components are designed to enable automatic, wireless energy transfer between the electrical grid and the vehicle without cables or manual intervention.

Key components include:

• Management Unit (MU): A roadside power cabinet that converts and manages electrical power, controls charging operations, and connects the system to the grid and cloud platform.
• Ground Assembly: Passive copper segment coils embedded beneath the pavement that are designed to transfer energy wirelessly to the vehicle.
• Vehicle Assembly: A receiver and control unit mounted on the vehicle chassis that captures wireless energy and delivers it to the electric motor or the battery.
• Integrated ecosystem: All three components work together to support static and dynamic wireless charging applications.

As a result, Electreon delivers a scalable, cable-free charging solution for a wide range of vehicle types and operating environments.

Electreon’s intelligent management software is designed to support real-time monitoring and control of wireless charging operations. Current and planned capabilities include advanced telemetry, remote diagnostics, energy management, and operational insights across vehicles and charging infrastructure.

Key capabilities include:

• Real-time telemetry: Provides visibility into the precise kW of energy transferred during each charging session.
• Infrastructure health monitoring: Provides visibility into the status, performance, and availability of charging infrastructure across the network.
• Vehicle alignment verification: Designed to provide visibility into vehicle positioning to help ensure optimal wireless power transfer.
• Battery SoC tracking: Designed to provide visibility into each vehicle’s State of Charge (SoC) and charging progress.
• Remote diagnostics and billing: Supports proactive maintenance, fault detection, and automated energy usage reporting and billing.

As a result, operators can optimize system performance, maximize uptime, and manage charging operations remotely.

Electreon’s wireless charging ecosystem includes three complementary products: LINE (Dynamic), DASH (Semi-dynamic), and DOT (Static). Each is designed for a different vehicle operating scenario, allowing operators to deploy the right charging solution at the right point along the route while using the same vehicle-side charging architecture.

Key differences include:

• LINE (Dynamic): Charges vehicles while driving on roads with embedded charging segments, supporting continuous operation without dedicated charging stops.
• DASH (Semi-dynamic): Charges slow-moving or queuing vehicles at locations such as bus stops, traffic lights, ports, taxi queues, and terminal approaches.
• DOT (Static): Charges stationary vehicles at depots, bus terminals, parking areas, loading docks, and end-of-line stops.
• Universal receiver platform: The same receiver technology is designed to support charging across LINE, DASH, and DOT infrastructure, enabling seamless charging in motion, during dwell time, and while parked.

As a result, operators can combine charging modes to maximize uptime, reduce battery size requirements, and create a flexible opportunity-charging network.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging system is capable of supporting a wide range of electric vehicles through vehicle-specific receiver configurations. Depending on vehicle integration and power requirements, different vehicle classes, including passenger cars, delivery vans, shuttle vehicles, buses, or heavy-duty trucks—can be supported by the same in-road charging infrastructure, making the system a highly flexible shared charging platform.

Key capabilities include:

• Vehicle-agnostic infrastructure: The same underground charging coils are designed to support multiple vehicle classes and battery configurations.
• Shared charging platform: Different vehicle types can charge sequentially from the same charging segment, maximizing infrastructure utilization.
• Flexible receiver configurations: Vehicles are equipped with receiver configurations sized to their power requirements, from passenger cars to heavy-duty trucks.
• Future-ready deployment: New vehicle models can be integrated, subject to vehicle integration and receiver compatibility, without modifying the embedded charging infrastructure.

As a result, operators can electrify mixed fleets using a single wireless charging network, reducing infrastructure costs while simplifying fleet expansion.

Electreon’s wireless power transfer technology is designed to meet leading automotive, electromagnetic safety, and cybersecurity standards. To the best of Electreon’s knowledge, it is the first wireless charging provider globally to achieve ISO/SAE 21434 certification for automotive cybersecurity, helping ensure secure communication between vehicles and charging infrastructure.

Key standards and certifications include:

• ISO/SAE 21434: Automotive cybersecurity certification covering the development and operation of connected vehicle systems.
• SAE J2954: The system is designed to support compliance with the industry standard for wireless power transfer and vehicle alignment.
• ICNIRP-2010: Electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions operate well below internationally recognized exposure limits.
• CE, RED, and LVD compliance: Products are designed to meet applicable European requirements for safety, radio equipment, and low-voltage electrical systems.

As a result, Electreon’s wireless charging solutions combine high-performance energy transfer with globally recognized safety and security standards.

Electreon’s EV receiver kit is designed to integrate seamlessly with existing electric vehicle architectures. The Vehicle Assembly can be deployed through factory integration or aftermarket retrofit, enabling wireless charging across a wide range of vehicle types.

Key integration features include:

• Factory integration and aftermarket retrofit: The receiver kit can be incorporated into new vehicles during production or added to existing electric fleets.
• Chassis-mounted Vehicle Assembly: The receiver is mounted beneath the vehicle chassis and connected to the vehicle’s electrical architecture, positioning it to receive energy from the embedded charging infrastructure.
• Controller Area Network (CAN) bus integration: The system is designed to communicate with the vehicle through a standard CAN bus interface and connects to the existing high-voltage battery system.
• Dual-charging capability: Wireless charging adds an additional charging option, while preserving the vehicle’s existing plug-in charging capability, allowing operators to choose the charging method that best fits their needs.
• Vehicle-agnostic design: The same wireless charging ecosystem is designed to support passenger vehicles, vans, buses, and heavy-duty trucks through vehicle-specific receiver configurations.

As a result, fleet operators can add wireless charging capability while preserving existing vehicle functionality and charging options. This approach simplifies fleet electrification and enables a gradual transition to wireless charging without disrupting existing operations.

University campuses can achieve zero-emission transportation goals by integrating wireless charging directly into shuttle and bus operations. By combining static charging at key stops with dynamic charging along campus routes, vehicles can receive frequent opportunity charging throughout the day, enabling a seamless transition to electric fleets without disrupting service schedules or campus activities.

Key benefits include:

• Zero-emission fleet operations: Supports the transition from diesel-powered vehicles to electric buses and shuttles.
• Seamless transition: Charging is designed to occur automatically during normal operations, eliminating the need for manual plug-in procedures.
• Continuous fleet availability: Vehicles can charge while driving, stopping, or dwelling at designated locations.
• Reduced battery requirements: Opportunity charging enables smaller battery packs and lowers fleet electrification costs.
• Proven campus deployment: The UCLA project and deployments across business parks demonstrate how wireless charging can support campus-wide electrification while maintaining reliable transportation service.

As a result, universities can accelerate sustainability goals and transition to zero-emission transportation with minimal operational disruption.

Wireless energy transfer can reduce the cost and complexity of electrifying university shuttle fleets by enabling significant battery size reduction. Because shuttles receive frequent opportunity charging throughout their routes, they can operate without oversized batteries to operate for an entire day between charging sessions.

Key benefits include:

• Battery size reduction: Because shuttles receive continuous opportunity charging throughout the day, they do not need large batteries to complete their routes. On high-frequency, short-route campus loops, battery capacity requirements can be reduced by up to 90%*, or to the smallest battery configuration offered by the OEM.
• Lower capital expenditure (CAPEX): Smaller batteries reduce upfront vehicle costs, helping universities electrify more vehicles within the same budget.
• Continuous operation: Shuttles are designed to charge automatically during normal service, reducing the need for dedicated charging downtime.
• Improved fleet efficiency: Lighter vehicles consume less energy and can maximize passenger service availability.

As a result, universities can accelerate fleet electrification while lowering upfront vehicle costs and supporting long-term sustainability goals.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Static wireless charging improves shuttle fleet availability by enabling opportunity charging during normal passenger operations. Chargers installed at pick-up and drop-off locations are designed to allow shuttles to charge automatically during brief 2–5 minute stops, without driver involvement or service interruptions.

Key benefits include:

• Opportunity charging: Vehicles receive frequent energy top-ups during routine passenger loading and unloading.
• Continuous operation: Regular charging events can deliver more energy than the vehicle consumes on each route, supporting all-day service.
• 100%* uptime potential: Shuttles remain in operation throughout the day rather than being removed from service for scheduled charging sessions.
• Eliminate depot charging: Energy is delivered where vehicles operate, reducing or eliminating the need for dedicated depot charging breaks, and unnecessary returns to the depot for charging.
• Improved fleet availability: More vehicles remain in service during peak demand periods.

As a result, universities can maintain reliable shuttle service while maximizing fleet utilization and operational efficiency.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging infrastructure is designed to preserve campus aesthetics through a low-profile, embedded design. The charging coils are embedded beneath existing asphalt or concrete surfaces, creating invisible infrastructure that integrates seamlessly into campus roads, shuttle stops, and pedestrian areas.

Key benefits include:

• Invisible infrastructure: Charging components are installed below the road surface and remain completely out of sight.
• No visual clutter: Unlike conventional charging stations, the system eliminates bulky chargers, pedestals, and above-ground equipment.
• No trip hazards: Wireless energy transfer removes exposed charging cables and connectors from pedestrian areas.
• Preserved campus environment: Existing landscapes, architecture, and public spaces remain unchanged.
• Weather-resistant design: Underground infrastructure is designed to be protected from vandalism, vehicle impacts, and harsh weather conditions.

As a result, universities can electrify shuttle fleets while maintaining a clean, safe, and visually appealing campus environment.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging system is capable of supporting multiple vehicle types to share the same charging infrastructure. Depending on vehicle integration and power requirements, different vehicle classes, including campus shuttles, security vehicles, maintenance vans, service fleets, delivery vehicles, and compatible passenger EVs—can be supported by the same in-road coils , creating a shared charging platform across the campus.

Key benefits include:

• Vehicle-agnostic infrastructure: The same charging assets can support a wide range of electric vehicle types and battery configurations.
• Shared charging platform: Multiple users can access the same charging infrastructure, maximizing utilization and return on investment.
• Multi-user ecosystem: Campus fleets, third-party service vehicles, and other authorized EVs can charge within a single network.
• Future-ready deployment: New vehicle types can be added without modifying the underlying charging infrastructure.
• Proven multi-fleet deployment: This approach will also be demonstrated in the Michigan Department of Transportation’s Powerdrive project, where Electreon will deploy wireless charging systems across delivery vehicles, shuttle buses, and other fleet vehicles.

As a result, campuses can turn roadways into a shared charging asset that supports diverse fleets, simplifies infrastructure planning, and accelerates electrification.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging system is designed to operate safely in high-traffic campus environments. The infrastructure contains no exposed electrical cables, plugs, or live connections, helping eliminate many of the safety risks associated with conventional charging equipment.

Key safety features include:

• Passive coils: The underground charging coils contain no active electronics and remain dormant until an authorized vehicle is detected.
• Proprietary handshake: Energy transfer is designed to begin only after a secure authentication process verifies the vehicle receiver positioned above the charging segment.
• No exposed charging equipment: Wireless charging eliminates charging cables, connectors, and potential trip hazards in pedestrian areas.
• ICNIRP-2010 compliance: Electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions operate well below internationally recognized exposure limits, including guidelines for the general public and individuals with pacemakers.

As a result, universities can deploy wireless charging infrastructure while maintaining a safe environment for students, staff, and visitors.

Wireless charging infrastructure supports airport decarbonization by reducing emissions from both vehicle operations and battery manufacturing. While electrification eliminates tailpipe emissions from diesel-powered ground support equipment, wireless charging also enables vehicles to operate with significantly smaller batteries through frequent opportunity charging.

Key environmental benefits include:

• Reduced battery manufacturing carbon footprint: Smaller batteries require fewer raw materials and generate fewer CO₂ emissions during production.
• Lower vehicle weight: Reduced battery capacity can improve energy efficiency and decrease overall energy consumption.
• Continuous opportunity charging: Vehicles receive energy throughout their operating routes, reducing reliance on oversized battery packs.
• Accelerated decarbonization: Airports can electrify a wider range of ground support vehicles while minimizing lifecycle emissions.
• Renewable energy compatibility: Wireless charging infrastructure is designed to be compatible with renewable energy and energy storage systems.

As a result, airports can reduce transportation-related emissions while lowering the environmental impact of fleet electrification.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging system supports both new vehicle integration and retrofit programs through modular receivers that can be installed across a wide range of electric Ground Support Equipment (GSE) and airport fleet vehicles. Retrofit is currently suitable for vehicles with high-voltage batteries (typically 300–800V*), while most legacy GSE use lower voltage battery systems (up to 100V) and may require vehicle replacement or electrification upgrades.

Key benefits include:

• Modular receivers: Receiver configurations can be tailored to the power requirements of different vehicle types.
• Broad GSE compatibility: The system is designed to be integrated into baggage tow tractors, service vehicles, maintenance fleets, and other airport ground equipment.
• Airport fleet electrification: Wireless charging can also support perimeter security vehicles, Foreign Object Debris (FOD) sweepers, and passenger shuttle buses operating across the airport campus.
• Hands-free charging: Vehicles are designed to charge automatically while parked, queued, or operating on designated routes, eliminating manual plug-in procedures.
• Future-ready infrastructure: Multiple vehicle types can share the same wireless charging network.

As a result, airports can electrify diverse fleets while simplifying charging operations and maximizing vehicle availability across the tarmac.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Wireless charging improves airport shuttle and terminal bus operations by enabling uninterrupted 24/7 operations through continuous opportunity charging. By installing wireless chargers at passenger pick-up and drop-off locations, such as arrivals areas, terminals, and long-term parking areas, vehicles can recharge automatically during natural dwell times without disrupting service.

Key benefits include:

• Opportunity charging: Vehicles receive frequent energy top-ups during routine passenger loading and unloading.
• Uninterrupted 24/7 operations: Continuous charging throughout the day reduces the need for dedicated charging breaks.
• Higher fleet utilization: More time in service means vehicles spend less time waiting to recharge.
• Reduced fleet size requirements: Increased vehicle availability can reduce the number of shuttle buses needed to maintain service levels.
• Minimal operational downtime: Charging is designed to occur automatically without drivers handling cables or connectors.

As a result, airports can maximize fleet efficiency while delivering reliable passenger transportation across the airport campus.

Wireless charging resolves airport space and grid constraints by embedding charging infrastructure beneath existing pavement rather than requiring dedicated charging bays. Multiple vehicles share the same underground assets, eliminating the 1:1 charger-to-vehicle ratio that conventional charging demands. On the grid side, opportunity charging distributes energy demand throughout the operating day rather than concentrating it in overnight charging windows, reducing peak loads and helping airports avoid costly grid capacity upgrades.

Key benefits include:

• Real-estate preservation: The underground system requires no space-consuming plug-in charging stations or charging cables, helping airports maximize valuable space in operational areas.
• Shared charging infrastructure: Multiple vehicles can use the same charging assets, increasing infrastructure utilization.
• Automatic charging: Vehicles can receive energy during routine stops and dwell times without manual intervention.
• Reduced peak power demand: Charging is distributed across time and location, creating a smoother load profile.
• Grid upgrade avoidance: Lower peak demand can reduce strain on electrical infrastructure and minimize the need for costly capacity upgrades.

As a result, airports can electrify larger fleets while preserving valuable operational space, optimizing energy use, and reducing infrastructure costs.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging infrastructure is designed to withstand the demanding conditions of airport operational surfaces, including heavy Ground Support Equipment (GSE) equipped with high-voltage (300–800V*) battery systems, shuttle buses, and service vehicles. The charging coils are embedded beneath the asphalt or concrete surface, where they are protected from traffic, weather, and physical impacts.

Key durability features include:

• Protected underground infrastructure: Copper segment coils are encased in durable protective polymers and installed below the pavement surface.
• Heavy-load endurance testing: Independent testing subjected the infrastructure to 16-ton* axle loads using heavy-vehicle simulators.
• Proven long-term durability: More than 30,000* load passes verified the system’s performance under repeated heavy traffic conditions.
• Zero structural impact: Testing confirmed no degradation in pavement quality, durability, or structural integrity.

As a result, airports can deploy wireless charging infrastructure without compromising the performance or lifespan of critical operational surfaces.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Wireless energy is a key enabler of true autonomy in airport logistics because it removes the human-in-the-loop required to connect and disconnect charging equipment. By automating the charging process, autonomous vehicles can be designed to operate and recharge independently, supporting fully automated airport workflows.

Key benefits include:

• True autonomy: Vehicles are designed to charge automatically without manual intervention, enabling end-to-end autonomous operations.
• No human-in-the-loop: Autonomous fleets do not depend on drivers or ground personnel to manage charging sessions.
• AGVS integration: Wireless charging can be integrated directly into Autonomous Ground Vehicle Systems (AGVS) operating across airport logistics environments.
• Continuous operation: Vehicles receive opportunity charging during routine stops and dwell times, maximizing fleet availability.
• Proven OEM partnerships: Electreon has partnered with AV OEMs, including ATLoS, to integrate wireless charging into autonomous industrial logistics vehicles.

As a result, airports can accelerate the transition to autonomous logistics while improving operational efficiency, reliability, and fleet utilization.

Wireless charging is designed to help reduce range anxiety by bringing energy directly to the delivery route. Instead of relying solely on depot charging, delivery vans receive frequent continuous top-ups through dynamic charging on key transportation corridors and static charging at distribution centers, loading docks, and delivery hubs. As a result, vehicles can stay on route longer with fewer charging-related interruptions.

Key benefits include:

• Extended range: Vehicles can replenish energy throughout the day, reducing concerns about completing demanding delivery routes.
• Continuous top-up charging: Frequent charging events help maintain battery State of Charge (SoC) during normal operations.
• Range anxiety elimination: Drivers and fleet operators no longer need to plan routes around dedicated charging stops.
• Higher fleet productivity: Vehicles spend more time making deliveries and less time waiting to recharge, supporting a “more drops, less stops” operating model.
• Reduced battery requirements: Opportunity charging can enable smaller battery packs while maintaining operational range.
• Charging during routine operations: Vehicles can receive energy while loading, unloading, or stopping at delivery hubs, eliminating the need to stop solely for charging.

As a result, last-mile delivery fleets can operate more efficiently while maximizing vehicle availability, minimizing downtime, and increasing route flexibility.

Yes. Static wireless charging can be integrated directly into loading docks to enable charge-while-loading operations. In Electreon’s commercial pilot with UPS in Detroit, wireless charging is deployed at a UPS depot and integrated into an Xos step van, helping convert routine loading and unloading time into productive charging time.

Key benefits include:

• Charge-while-loading: Vans are designed to charge automatically while cargo is loaded or unloaded at busy logistics hubs.
• Converting downtime to charging time: Natural dwell time becomes an energy top-up opportunity.
• No driver intervention: Charging starts automatically without cables, plugs, or manual handling.
• Space-efficient deployment: Embedded infrastructure supports tight dock layouts where plug-in chargers may not fit.
• Higher vehicle availability: Frequent top-ups help vans stay on route longer with fewer charging interruptions.

As a result, delivery fleets can reduce downtime while keeping vehicles powered from dock to doorstep.

Wireless charging can significantly reduce the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for last-mile delivery fleets by reducing battery costs, improving vehicle utilization, and lowering overall fleet capital requirements. Because vehicles receive frequent opportunity charging throughout their routes and at logistics hubs, they can operate with smaller batteries while maintaining daily range requirements. Charging is designed to occur automatically, eliminating the need for drivers or fleet personnel to handle charging operations.

Key benefits include:

• TCO reduction: Lower battery costs, reduced charging-related labor, and higher vehicle utilization reduce both upfront and operating expenses.
• Smaller batteries: Opportunity charging can enable fleets to purchase vehicles with smaller battery packs, reducing vehicle purchase costs and weight.
• Lower fleet capital expenditure: Smaller batteries can substantially reduce the cost of electrifying large delivery fleets.
• Vehicle replacement parity: Vehicles remain productive throughout the day, eliminating the need to purchase surplus EVs to compensate for charging downtime.
• Higher asset utilization: More time delivering and less time charging—with no manual plug-in or unplug procedures— improves fleet productivity and return on investment.

As a result, delivery operators can accelerate fleet electrification while lowering ownership costs and maximizing the value of their vehicle investments.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging solution is capable of supporting multiple vehicle types on the same infrastructure, through vehicle-specific receiver configurations. Depending on vehicle integration and power requirements, different vehicle classes, including delivery vans, heavy-duty trucks, shuttle buses, and public transit vehicles—can be supported by the same in-road charging segments, creating a shared charging platform across the city.

Key benefits include:

• Shared charging platform: Multiple fleets can use the same wireless charging infrastructure, maximizing asset utilization.
• Multi-user ecosystem: Delivery operators, transit agencies, logistics providers, and municipal fleets can share a common charging network.
• Vehicle-agnostic infrastructure: The same charging coils are designed to support different vehicle classes and battery configurations.
• Reduced infrastructure costs: Shared charging assets eliminate the need to build dedicated charging systems for each fleet.
• Scalable urban electrification: New vehicle types can be added without modifying the embedded charging infrastructure.

As a result, cities and fleet operators can accelerate electrification while reducing infrastructure costs and improving charging network efficiency.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging infrastructure is designed to scale efficiently across large urban logistics hubs. Unlike conventional plug-in charging systems that often require a 1:1 charger-to-vehicle ratio, Electreon’s shared wireless charging architecture is designed to enable multiple vehicles to use the same infrastructure throughout the day.

Key scalability benefits include:

• 1:1 charger ratio elimination: Multiple vehicles can share the same charging assets rather than relying on dedicated chargers.
• High infrastructure utilization: A single Management Unit (MU) can power up to 6* parking or loading dock charging spots.
• Reduced hardware footprint: Embedded charging infrastructure minimizes the space required for charging equipment in congested logistics facilities.
• Lower capital costs: Shared charging assets reduce the amount of hardware needed to support growing fleets.
• Flexible expansion: Additional charging locations can be added as fleet operations grow.

As a result, logistics operators can scale fleet electrification while minimizing infrastructure costs and maximizing valuable urban real estate.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Yes. Electreon’s wireless charging system is designed to operate reliably in challenging outdoor environments. Because the charging coils are embedded beneath the road surface and energy is transferred through magnetic induction, the system is designed to be weather-resistant and unaffected by rain, snow, ice, or mud.

Key reliability benefits include:

• Weather-immune infrastructure: Underground charging components are protected from direct exposure to harsh environmental conditions.
• Magnetic induction energy transfer: Charging occurs without exposed connectors, cables, or contacts that can be affected by weather.
• Sub-zero temperature performance: The system has been validated to operate in cold climates and winter conditions.
• Harsh winter validation: Real-world deployments and testing have demonstrated reliable charging performance in snow and freezing temperatures.
• Reduced weather-related downtime: Vehicles can continue charging and operating regardless of seasonal conditions.

As a result, last-mile delivery fleets can maintain reliable operations year-round without weather-related charging interruptions.

Dynamic wireless charging is designed to enable long-haul electric trucking by delivering energy directly to vehicles while they are driving. Using a wireless Electric Road System (wERS), trucks can receive continuous in-motion charging, reducing dependence on massive battery packs and minimizing charging-related downtime.

Key benefits include:

• Continuous in-motion charging: Vehicles receive power while driving, helping maintain battery State of Charge (SoC) over long distances.
• Smaller battery requirements: Frequent energy transfer reduces the need for oversized batteries designed for maximum route range.
• Reduced charging downtime: Trucks spend more time transporting freight and less time stopped for charging.
• Proven commercial performance: In the Charge As You Drive project on France’s A10 highway, independent testing validated wireless charging at highway speeds while delivering over 200 kW of average power.
• Real-world validation: The Smartroad Gotland project in Sweden successfully charged a 40-ton electric truck dynamically at speeds of up to 80 km/h, including in harsh winter conditions.

As a result, wERS technology can support long-haul freight electrification while improving fleet productivity and reducing battery-related costs.

Yes. Wireless energy transfer is designed to support the demanding power requirements of heavy-duty electric trucks, even at highway speeds. Real-world testing has demonstrated that wireless charging can deliver high levels of power while vehicles remain in motion, enabling continuous freight operations without sacrificing performance.

Key performance benefits include:

• High-power energy transfer: The system has demonstrated peak power above 300 kW* and average power above 200 kW during dynamic charging.
• Highway-speed operation: Trucks can receive energy while traveling at normal highway speeds, eliminating the need to stop for charging.
• Continuous power delivery: Dynamic charging can help maintain battery State of Charge (SoC) throughout the route.
• Proven in commercial environments: The Charge As You Drive project on the A10 highway in France validated high-power wireless charging for heavy-duty trucks under real-world operating conditions.

As a result, freight operators can electrify long-haul trucking while maintaining the performance, productivity, and operational flexibility required for commercial transport.

*Figures reflect specific project or test conditions; results may vary by site, vehicle integration, and deployment configuration.

Installing wireless charging on highways requires minimal modifications to existing road infrastructure. The system uses shallow trenching, to install copper charging segments beneath the asphalt. Once installed, the road surface is restored, allowing normal traffic operations to resume.

Key infrastructure requirements include:

• Shallow trenching: Charging coils are embedded within the existing roadway with limited excavation.
• Roadside Management Units: Management Units (MUs) are positioned alongside the road and connected to the utility grid through existing electrical infrastructure and substations.
• Minimal traffic disruption: Installation can be completed in phases, reducing the impact on highway operations.
• Rapid deployment: Up to 1 km of dynamic charging infrastructure can be installed during a single overnight work window.
• Scalable design: Additional charging segments can be added as freight corridors expand.

As a result, transportation agencies can deploy wireless charging infrastructure with minimal traffic disruption while preparing highways for large-scale truck electrification.

Static wireless charging reduces downtime by turning routine truck stops into charging opportunities. By deploying wireless chargers at terminal gates, queuing areas, warehouse docks, and other logistics touchpoints, heavy-duty trucks can receive energy during normal operational pauses without interrupting freight operations.

Key benefits include:

• Opportunity charging during operational pauses: Trucks recharge while waiting at gates, loading docks, and staging areas.
• Automatic hands-free connection: Charging is designed to begin automatically when the vehicle is positioned above the charging infrastructure.
• No liquid-cooled cables: Drivers do not need to handle heavy charging cables or manually connect charging equipment.
• Reduced charging downtime: Energy is delivered during existing workflows rather than requiring dedicated charging stops.
• Higher fleet utilization: Trucks spend more time moving freight and less time waiting to recharge.

As a result, logistics operators can improve vehicle availability, reduce operational delays, and support more efficient terminal operations.

Wireless charging can increase freight payload capacity by reducing the need for oversized batteries. In heavy-duty electric trucks, battery packs can add significant weight, reducing the amount of cargo a vehicle can legally carry within federal and regional vehicle weight limits. By enabling continuous opportunity charging along routes and at logistics hubs, wireless charging can allow fleets to operate with smaller, lighter batteries.

Key benefits include:

• Battery weight reduction: Smaller battery packs reduce overall vehicle weight.
• Increased payload capacity: Weight saved from the battery can be reallocated to revenue-generating freight.
• Compliance with vehicle weight limits: Fleets can maximize cargo capacity while remaining within legal operating limits.
• Improved operational efficiency: Lighter vehicles require less energy to move and can improve overall fleet performance.
• Higher revenue potential: More available payload capacity enables greater freight utilization per trip.

As a result, freight operators can maximize revenue-generating payload capacity while reducing vehicle costs and accelerating fleet electrification.

Electreon’s wireless charging technology helps maintain grid stability through smart load-balancing and distributed energy delivery. Instead of concentrating charging demand at a single depot, vehicles receive energy throughout their routes, spreading electricity consumption across both time and location.

Key grid benefits include:

• Smart load-balancing: Charging demand is designed to be managed across the network to optimize energy usage and reduce grid stress.
• Spatial distribution: Energy is delivered along transportation corridors rather than at a single charging location.
• Peak shaving: Opportunity charging reduces the large power spikes associated with fleets charging simultaneously overnight.
• Reduced grid bottlenecks: A smoother demand profile helps minimize strain on local electrical infrastructure.
• Scalable fleet electrification: Distributed charging supports growing truck fleets without requiring proportionally larger charging depots.

As a result, freight operators can electrify heavy-duty truck fleets while reducing peak demand, improving grid efficiency, and avoiding costly infrastructure upgrades.